Scheme development and design of physiotherapy instrument
Physiotherapy instrument is different from drug therapy, but an instrument that uses natural physical factors to treat some diseases. Common physical factors include "Electricity, sound, light, magnetism, water, pressure, etc. corresponding to drug therapy, physical therapy is relatively safe and environmentally friendly. However, different from drug therapy, the role of physical therapy is very effective for some diseases, such as improving the function of human organs or improving the state of local tissues by improving blood circulation.
1、 Types of physiotherapy instrument schemes
There are many kinds of technical schemes of physiotherapy instruments. According to the different treatment principles, they mainly include electromagnetic physiotherapy instrument, thermal physiotherapy instrument, microwave physiotherapy instrument, ultrasonic physiotherapy instrument, etc.
The most widely used physiotherapy equipment should be hyperthermia instruments. The direct result of hyperthermia is to cause the blood vessels of local human tissues to expand, strengthen the blood flow, open the blocked capillaries and increase the blood perfusion to human tissues. The efficacy of such instruments is directly related to the promotion of tissue and cell metabolism under the condition of improving blood circulation. Therefore The improvement of blood circulation directly corresponds to the curative effect. The most common hyperthermia instruments are short wave and ultrashort wave, microwave and infrared physiotherapy instruments.
2、 Scheme and principle of electromagnetic physiotherapy instrument
In recent years, many new technologies and methods have emerged in clinical practice, and a variety of physical therapy instruments have emerged for the treatment of corresponding diseases such as osteoarthritis, soft tissue torsion injury and lumbar muscle strain. In particular, some therapeutic instruments integrating a variety of physical therapy factors have attracted extensive attention of medical workers, such as magnetic resonance thermal therapeutic instrument, ultrashort wave therapeutic instrument, etc The therapeutic instrument is a comprehensive therapeutic instrument combining magnetic therapy, hyperthermia therapy and micro vibration therapy. It integrates the principle of magnetic therapy and modern acupuncture and moxibustion. It can imitate a stable and consistent electromagnetic environment of human body, and treat diseases with the help of three physical factors: magnetic, vibration and heat.
Magnetic resonance thermal physiotherapy instrument is a reliable means in the field of physical rehabilitation treatment, which can effectively help patients eliminate pain and recover quickly. At present, it has been more and more used in the adjuvant treatment of chronic soft tissue injury and neck, shoulder, waist and leg pain. Its indications include soft tissue contusion, lumbar muscle strain, chronic bronchitis, sciatica, various joint inflammation and relieving postoperative wounds Healing, etc.
Man is a conductor living in the earth's magnetic field. In a sense, he is also a "magnet" Modern medical theory has proved that if a disease occurs in a certain part of the human body, the internal environment of the part will change, and the biological magnetic field and meridians will be disordered. If the part is placed in a certain intensity of magnetic field, the internal environment of the part will be adjusted, so that the biological magnetic field and meridians of the part can reach a new balance and achieve the role of treating human diseases. Therefore, the magnetic field therapy In clinic, the method has the therapeutic effects of regulating meridians and activating collaterals, eliminating inflammation and pain, promoting blood circulation and pressing blood stasis and reducing blood pressure. Therefore, people invented magnetic therapy and developed various magnetic therapy machines, which are widely used in clinical practice.
Electromagnetic physiotherapy instrument is a magnetotherapy instrument developed based on the principle of magnetocaloric effect of electricity. Its key component is magnetocaloric generator. When it is connected to 36 V safe voltage, it is required to not only generate magnetic field, but also have certain flexibility and good adhesion with human body. It is useful for the treatment of hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, neurasthenia, sprain and contusion, tenosynovitis, phlebitis and adhesion Some common diseases such as inflammation have good curative effects.
3、 Scheme and principle of ultrashort wave physiotherapy instrument
Ultrashort wave electrotherapy instrument is a physiotherapy instrument that uses the electric energy of high-frequency electric field emitted by capacitive electrode for treatment. Due to the advantages of wide application range, simple operation, stable working performance, obvious treatment effect and low failure rate, it has become a necessary conventional physiotherapy equipment in physiotherapy rooms of hospitals. Ultrashort Wave Electrotherapy has the therapeutic effects of both thermal and non thermal effects. Ultra high frequency alternating current is applied to the human body to achieve the purpose of treatment.
When using the ultrashort wave electrotherapy instrument, only the part of the human body to be treated needs to be placed in the high-frequency electric field. After the ultrashort wave electrotherapy instrument is connected to the power supply, the AC voltage is boosted and rectified by the high-voltage transformer and added to the electron tube. After a series of actions, it finally causes the oscillation of the electron tube. When the high-frequency power is led out, the electric energy of the high-frequency electric field emitted by the capacitive electrode acts on the affected part of the human body. Under the action of the high-frequency electric field, the molecules and ions in the body will vibrate violently at their equilibrium position. The thermal effect caused by mutual friction can heat the surface and deep tissues of the body evenly, so as to play a role in treatment.
Ultrashort wave is an electromagnetic wave with wavelength between 1m ~ 10m and frequency between 30 ~ 300 MHz, which is generated by AC oscillation circuit. The method of using this frequency band UHF AC to treat human diseases is called ultrashort wave therapy. The ultrashort wave physiotherapy instrument developed in this paper adopts ultrashort wave with wavelength of 7.7 m and frequency of 40.68 MHz, which is generated by high-frequency oscillation circuit. When high-frequency current passes through the human body, it affects ions and charged colloidal particles in the body. The generated conduction current and displacement current produce different thermal and biological effects in various tissues.
The influence of ultrashort wave physiotherapy on human body can be roughly divided into thermal effect and non thermal effect. The thermal effect is mainly reflected in tissue fever, secondary overall fever and so on; Non thermal effect, especially in the process of low-intensity physiotherapy, has no significant increase in tissue temperature, and its biological effect is very obvious, while exogenous heat of the same intensity has no similar effect. For example, when low-dose and low-intensity ultrashort wave is used to treat human body, the effect on acute inflammation is more obvious than that of high-intensity ultrashort wave. It is found that this non thermal effect is particularly obvious at low field strength (below 40 MW / cm2), and this special effect is masked by thermal effect at high field strength.
A large number of clinical trials and research trials show that ultrashort wave has a good effect on acute suppurative inflammation, and low-dose treatment can improve blood and lymphatic circulation. Clinically, it is commonly used in acute and subacute inflammation of internal organs, wound ulcer and so on.
4、 Scheme and principle of ultrasonic physiotherapy instrument
Ultrasonic refers to the sound wave with vibration frequency greater than 20000 Hz. In the process of propagation, it will interact with the media, produce a series of physical and chemical changes, produce a series of mechanical, thermal, electromagnetic and chemical ultrasonic effects, and form thermal, mechanical, cavitation and biochemical effects in the human body for the treatment of diseases. At present, ultrasonic technology has been widely used in the field of beauty. Ultrasonic beauty is an ultrasonic treatment technology, which uses the biological effect of ultrasound on human body for beauty. Ultrasound biological effect can enhance tissue penetration, improve cell metabolism, promote blood circulation, soften hard tissue, reduce nerve and muscle excitability, produce good analgesic and antispasmodic effects, so as to accelerate cell metabolism, promote the change of tissue pH value, increase cell membrane permeability and promote percutaneous penetration of substances.
Plaster is a traditional physical therapy method for external use of traditional Chinese medicine. The fever agent is used to promote the drug to penetrate into the human body, so as to achieve the therapeutic effect. However, the application of ultrasonic technology in the field of traditional Chinese medicine plaster physiotherapy is relatively few. Therefore, an ultrasonic temperature control plaster physiotherapy instrument is designed based on STC89C52 by using ultrasonic generator, heating module and mlx90615 infrared temperature sensor. The core of physiotherapy instrument is to generate ultrasonic and heat plaster through ultrasonic generator and heating module, and use its biological effect to promote the penetration and absorption of plaster, so as to achieve the purpose of analgesia and improve the therapeutic effect.