Development and design of medical atomizer

In the past, the application of atomizer mostly existed in the medical field. With the continuous development of society, atomizer began to be widely used in people's daily life. Atomizer is a device that ensures indoor air humidity by atomizing water and can produce a certain amount of negative oxygen ions. In the face of the increasingly diverse needs of the public, we need to optimize and improve it.

In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the quality of life. Therefore, in winter, people use atomizers to adjust indoor air humidity to deal with the problem of indoor air drying caused by heating, so as to improve the quality of life. However, opening the atomizer for a long time not only wastes resources and increases losses, but also continuously increases the indoor narrow air humidity, which also has an adverse impact on health. Therefore, it is particularly important to optimize the intelligent performance of the atomizer.

1、 Scheme and principle of ultrasonic atomizer

The ultrasonic atomizer uses the high-frequency resonance of ceramic atomizer to disperse the molecular structure of liquid water and produce naturally flowing water particles.

The intelligent control of ultrasonic atomizer takes single chip microcomputer as the control core, analyzes and processes the external input signals, and converts the analysis results into signals to control the atomizer, display unit and water level control unit. The whole system consists of atomizer, control panel, humidity sensor, water level sensor, acousto-optic display device and various executive devices.

The working process of the system is: after the power is turned on, the temperature sensor and humidity sensor convert the indoor temperature and humidity into signals and transmit them to the single chip microcomputer. At the same time, the system automatically detects the temperature and humidity values set by the user. If the user does not set them, the system will call the default parameters for work. When the indoor humidity value and temperature value reach the user set value or the system default value, the atomizer will automatically stop running and turn to the state of maintaining this temperature value and humidity value. Then, when the indoor temperature and humidity drop, the atomizer will work automatically and increase the temperature and humidity to the user set value or the system default value again. The system will repeat this cycle, The indoor temperature and humidity can be maintained at a constant value.

2、 Hardware design of ultrasonic atomizer

The hardware of the system mainly includes: single chip microcomputer, atomizer, control panel, temperature and humidity sensor, water level sensor, acousto-optic display device and various executive devices. The circuit of the atomizer is mainly composed of a mountain oscillator, a transducer and a water level control circuit. The transducer converts electric energy into mechanical energy and atomizes water. In the water level control unit, the water tank is usually monitored by three-level water level, that is, probes are set at the top of the water tank, heater elements and the bottom of the water tank to detect the state of their respective parts. The top probe detects whether the water level overflows, the heater element probe detects whether the water level is above the heater element, and the bottom probe detects whether the water tank is filled with water. A series of automatic controls such as water inlet, drainage and heating of water tank are realized through three-level water level monitoring.

3、 Software design of ultrasonic atomizer

In the design system, a total of 5 subroutines participate in the operation of the system (see Figure 2 for details). The function of nixie tube display program is to digitally display the signal transmitted to the display in the system, so as to make the running state of the atomizer more intuitive in people's eyes. The keyboard scanning circuit and key processing program (i.e. input program) are tools for inputting external information to the interior, so as to achieve the relevant programs of atomizer vibration elimination and control (such as setting system temperature and humidity). The temperature and humidity signal processing program is to analyze and process the perceived external temperature and humidity, and convert the processing results into signals to the control center. The water level control program converts the water level in the water tank into an electronic signal through probe detection and sends it to the control center, so as to control the water inlet, drainage, heating and other operations of the system. The relay control program is to turn the received signal into the control relay action, so as to realize the intelligent adjustment and automatic control of the atomizer.

4、 Advantages of ultrasonic atomizer

The actual use shows that the atomizer senses the external temperature and humidity. If the temperature and humidity are lower than the set value, the atomizer runs by itself, heats the water in the water tank, and then atomizes it to change the external temperature and humidity to the set value of the system. At this time, the atomizer stops running and changes to the working state of maintaining the status quo. When the temperature and humidity decrease again, The atomizer operates again to increase the external temperature and humidity to the set value. The operation effect of the atomizer realizes that the atomizer can control the operation state by self sensing the external temperature and humidity, so as to keep the external temperature and humidity at a constant value, effectively improve the indoor temperature and humidity environment and optimize the indoor air.

5、 Design of medical atomizer

Atomization inhalation during the application of ventilator can improve the patient's ventilation function and prevent or control respiratory tract infection. At present, the clinical application is to add atomized inhalation drugs to the atomizer, and then connect the atomizer with the respiratory circuit for atomization treatment. The mouth containing atomizer is improved, a spiral switch is added at the atomization spray outlet, and a drug injection interface is added on the wall of the drug storage chamber. It can be used for the atomization inhalation operation of patients in the use of ventilator, which can avoid repeatedly opening the respiratory circuit. During the use of ventilator, liquid medicine can also be directly added without affecting the operation of ventilator. After atomization inhalation, condensate will not deposit, nor will it increase the ineffective cavity of respiratory circuit, promote the standardization of hospital infection management, and can better serve the clinic.

1. Design principle of medical atomizer

The atomizer device is mainly composed of an atomization generating device at the bottom of the atomizer, a medicine storage chamber and a three-way connecting pipe. The atomization device is improved, a threaded structure switch is added on the outer wall of the vertical end of the tee T-shaped pipe, two sealing plates are added on the inner side, and the threaded structure is rotated. When the two sealing plates completely overlap, it is the maximum diameter of atomization spraying; When there is no overlap between the two sealing sheets, close the atomization spray outlet. In addition, the atomizing device adds a drug injection interface on the outer wall of the drug storage cavity to match with the syringe nipple. Before atomization inhalation, a syringe without a needle is used to inject drugs into the drug storage cavity; The interface is closed with a heparin cap. In the process of atomization inhalation, a needle tip can be used to pierce the latex plug of the heparin cap to add drugs to the drug storage cavity.

2. Application method of medical atomizer

The drug is added to the storage chamber and connected to the gas source, and the three way pipes are placed in the suction end of the ventilator loop, and the spray is generated according to the atomization key of the ventilator. Open the thread structure of the atomization device to realize the atomization and inhalation operation during the use of the ventilator. In the atomization process, if it is necessary to add atomized drugs, use the needle tip to pierce the latex plug of heparin cap to add drugs to the drug storage cavity.

After atomization inhalation, rotate the threaded structure, that is, close the atomization spray outlet, block the channel between the drug storage chamber and the tee, that is, block the drug storage chamber and the patient's respiratory circuit. Inject medicine into the medicine storage cavity again, open the atomization key of the machine and rotate the threaded structure knob to realize the atomization and inhalation operation again. There is no need to take out the atomization device without special needs.

3. Advantages of medical atomizer scheme

At present, if the nebulizer is applied in clinic, if the nebulizer is not removed, the cavity will increase the invalid cavity of the breathing circuit, and the storage chamber is in the low position of the breathing loop * and easy to retain condensed water. If the atomizer is removed, the breathing circuit will be disconnected again. The closed circuit between the patient and the ventilator will inevitably be disconnected when the atomization treatment is carried out again, or when drugs are added in the atomization process. Repeatedly opening the closed circuit between the patient and the ventilator and interrupting the normal operation of the ventilator will undoubtedly increase the chance of patients' airway infection and the chance of the external environment and medical staff being polluted by patients' droplets or airway secretions.

The thread structure and injection joint added to the atomization device successfully solve the above problems. The atomizer can avoid repeatedly opening the respiratory circuit due to atomization inhalation operation, and can directly add liquid medicine during the use of the ventilator without affecting the operation of the ventilator, so as to protect the tightness of the circuit between the patient and the ventilator; After atomization inhalation, condensate will not deposit in the drug storage chamber, nor will it increase the invalid chamber of the respiratory circuit; It can reduce the chance that the external environment and medical staff are polluted by patient droplets or airway secretions, and also reduce the workload of medical staff; It can promote the standardization of nosocomial infection management and should better serve the clinic.