Design and development of intelligent crutch scheme

At this stage, China has entered an aging society. According to national regulations, people over the age of 65 are identified as the elderly. In 2011, the proportion of China's elderly population reached 13.7%. In 2013, China's elderly population over the age of 60 exceeded 200 million. It is expected that China's elderly population will enter a rapid growth period in the next 20 years, and by 2050, the elderly population will reach one third of the national population. The aging problem not only brings confusion to every family, but also puts great pressure on the society. As the elderly grow older, their memory and eyesight continue to decline, their legs and feet become more and more inflexible, and their response is gradually slow. It is inconvenient to travel. In recent years, the loss of the elderly has become more and more serious. News about looking for the lost elderly is often seen on the Internet and microblog. According to the survey, at least 30% of the elderly over 65 have fallen. Based on these problems, this paper designs an intelligent crutch specially designed for the elderly. The basic principle of this design: (1) use the GPS positioning function to determine the user's position at any time; (2) The user can adjust the distance of the light to facilitate walking at night; (3) When the user falls, the alarm system turns on the alarm function, so that the user can get timely help, send a call for help to the guardian or call the corresponding telephone for help, so as to provide practical and effective help for the elderly in case of accidents; (4) The distance between the crutch and the user is measured by pyroelectric infrared to remind the user to use the crutch in time or facilitate the user to find it.

1、 Hardware design of intelligent crutch

1.1 system function realization principle

Multifunctional intelligent crutch mainly uses single chip microcomputer technology. It is an intelligent contraction crutch with multi-functions such as infrared ranging, alarm and tilt. The hardware of intelligent crutch is mainly composed of angle sensor, pyroelectric sensor, buzzer and 89S52 single chip microcomputer control circuit.

1.2 hardware circuit design

(1) Working principle of SCA60C angle sensor: This design takes 89S52 single chip microcomputer as the control core, and uses SCA60C single axis inclination sensor to measure the balance state of crutches. When the crutch is in the balanced state, the angle sensor SCA60C is 0 ° to the horizontal plane, and the Vout terminal outputs an analog voltage of 0.5V. When the crutch is perpendicular to the ground, the angle sensor SCA60C is 90 ° to the horizontal plane, and Vout outputs an analog voltage of + 5V. The sensor SCA60C can only accurately detect the range of 0 ~ 90 °. Within this range, the Vout output is an analog voltage signal of + 0.5V ~ + 5V proportional to the inclination. Therefore, the angle between the crutch and the horizontal plane can be determined by measuring the Vout voltage at the output of the sensor SCA60C.

(2) Driving principle of buzzer: electromagnetic buzzer is mainly composed of oscillator, electromagnetic coil, vibrating diaphragm, magnet and shell. After the power is turned on, the audio signal current generated by the oscillator passes through the electromagnetic coil to make the electromagnetic coil generate a magnetic field. The vibrating diaphragm vibrates periodically and makes a sound under the interaction of the electromagnetic coil and the magnet. Because the sound of the buzzer needs a certain current to drive it, and the output current of the I / O pin of the single chip microcomputer is small, so the TTL voltage output by the single chip microcomputer basically can not drive the buzzer, so a triode is added to drive the amplified buzzer.

(3) Working principle of human pyroelectric infrared sensors: pyroelectric infrared sensors are thermoelectric infrared sensors based on the principle of thermoelectric effect. The human body has a constant body temperature of about 37 °, so it will emit 10 μ M or so. Human emission 10 μ The infrared ray of about M is concentrated on the infrared induction source after being enhanced by Fresnel filter. The infrared induction source adopts pyroelectric element. This element will lose charge balance and release charge outward when receiving the change of infrared radiation temperature of human body. Once the human body enters the detection area, the infrared radiation of the human body is focused through part of the mirror and accepted by the pyroelectric element. After being processed by the single chip microcomputer, an alarm is generated.

2、 Intelligent crutch software function

The intelligent crutch software mainly includes: initialization setting, establishment of GPS positioning, online monitoring, electronic fence, family number setting, help seeking and other functions.

(1) Software block diagram design: the supervisor can enter the software interface through the web or mobile client. If it is used for the first time, the initialization setting shall be carried out first. Fill in the relevant contents according to their own conditions and judge whether the GPS positioning function installed in the crutch is turned on. If it is turned on, the position of the crutch can be known according to the GPS positioning. When the crutch is tilted, the buzzer in the hardware circuit will turn on and give an alarm; When it exceeds 1 minute, the motor automatically dials the preset phone through the hardware circuit to get further help. The electronic fence can also be set in the interface to give an alarm when it exceeds the set range.

(2) Call setting: up to 4 numbers can be set in this setting. Users can set numbers according to their own needs, and SOS key can set emergency calls.

(3) GPS positioning function: GPS positioning is divided into online monitoring and electronic fence setting. The online monitoring function can be positioned by map, satellite and three-dimensional.

3、 Appearance design of intelligent crutches

(1) The crutch is designed with aluminum alloy telescopic rod, the height can be adjusted from 65cm to 98cm, and the weight is 320G, which is suitable for more people. Usage: press down the button on the aluminum alloy rod by hand, move the thinner aluminum alloy low rod up and down, and buckle the button into the hole corresponding to the thicker aluminum alloy rod to meet the use needs of people of different heights. After the height is adjusted, lock and fix the lock ring.

(2) Lighting and flash usage: push button switch at the top of the handle. Operation mode: first gear of the switch, white LED lighting; Second gear, white LED lighting + Red LED flashing warning; Third gear, off.

(3) Mp3 function and usage: gently press the MP3 control button in the middle of the side of the handle with your finger, and MP3 is in working state. At this time, gently press the left and right buttons with your fingers to select music. Gently press the MP3 up and down volume control buttons with your fingers to adjust the sound size and listen to music at a suitable volume.

(4) Charging usage: insert the charging end into the product DC port and connect the other end to the standard 5V output USB base to charge the internal charging battery of the product. At this time, the charging red indicator is on, and the indicator is off after full charge.

(5) GPS positioning, telephone and alarm function usage: turn on the GPS positioning function switch of the crutch to realize the positioning function. The guardian can log in to the GPS positioning platform through the web and mobile client to view the user's specific location. At the same time, the preset telephone can be dialed through buttons 1, 2 and 3. The guardian can also dial the telephone card number built in the crutch and answer by connecting the phone. When the crutch falls, the buzzer will automatically give an alarm sound. When people leave the crutch, the buzzer will give a drip prompt sound.

summary

This design studies the psychology and physiology of the elderly, and designs this one with diversified functions, novel technology and strong market pertinence. Through the test of the prototype, it mainly realizes the following functions:

(1) GPS positioning function, the guardian can determine the specific location of the user at any time. The guardian can monitor the user's activity track through the GPS positioning interface to realize continuous real-time positioning. (2) The guardian can set up an electronic fence. When it exceeds the set range, the alarm function will be turned on, and the guardian will be called if necessary to send out help information. (3) When the crutch falls and the buzzer is turned on for more than 1 minute, the guardian or SOS distress signal will be called for timely help. (4) LED lighting, MP3, telescopic and other basic functions.

The rubber handle in line with man-machine curve is adopted in the design to provide maximum safety and comfort. With the development of society and the improvement of living standards, it is a general trend to care about and improve the quality of life of the elderly. The design has full functions, light weight, simple operation, reliable use and low cost. It can meet the purchasing power and functional needs of ordinary people, and has broad market prospects.